Comoros Profile

A Comoros islands profile including a social and economic profile together with details of daily life in Comoros, news and video. Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelago nation located in the Indian Ocean, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel, 180 miles (290 km) off the eastern coast of Africa, between Mozambique and Madagascar. Lacking in natural resources, Comoros, with a population of 882,847 in 2025, is largely dependent on foreign aid and its expatriates sending money back home to survive. Despite such an apparently low population, Comoros actually ranks 25th in population density in the world.

The largest island, Ngazidja (also known as Grande Comore), is home to the capital, Moroni.

The other islands are Ndzuwani (also known as Anjouan), Mwali (also known as Moheli), and Mayotte (also known as Maore) which, although physically part of volcanic archipelago, is actually a French overseas territory. The islands have a rich history with settlements there beginning as early as the 6th Century making up a population mainly of Bantu-speaking groups, Austronesians (including Malagasy), Arabs, Somalis, Portuguese, French, and Indians. Islam arrived during the 10th century, leaving a lasting impact on the culture and way of life.

Before colonization, the Comoros had a system of sultanates and these sultanates operated based on hierarchical lineage membership and cyclic age systems. French colonial administration eventually replaced the sultanates, but Comorans still identify strongly with kinship and regional ties however today operates as a unitary presidential republic with the President of the Comoros serving as both the head of state and the head of government with executive power being exercised by the government and legislative power is vested in both the government and the parliament itself, however is not Comoros is not considered a stable democracy with a history of political instability, including multiple coups and attempted coups since gaining independence in 1975.

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Comoros Profile

Comoros Profile

Comoros Profile

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Comoros Profile

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According to ISS African Futures, Comoros continues to face challenges related to governance, corruption, and social unrest. There are also concerns about human trafficking, drug trafficking, and financial crimes, which are linked to the country's instability and corruption. Despite the challenges, there have been attempts to establish stability through power-sharing agreements and democratic elections. The 2000 Fomboni Accords, for example, established a rotating presidency among the three islands.

According to The World Bank, about 37.2% of the total population falls below the poverty line and almost half of the population of Comoros are children under the age of 15 with a life expectancy of 65.40 years (2025). In Comoros, primary school enrollment is relatively high, with a gross enrollment rate of 99% for both girls and boys combined, however, this rate drops to 62% at the lower secondary level. Access to safe and reliable water in the Comoros is a significant challenge, with only 15% of the population having access to a safe and reliable water source, according to government estimates. This situation is exacerbated by factors like the country's geography, land degradation, and climate change.

The lack of safe water contributes to public health crises, including a recent cholera outbreak that has claimed many lives. Whilst some of these difficulties are man-made through poor hygiene practices compounded by a lack of adequate sanitation, one of the world's most active volcanoes, Mount Karthala, regularly erupts with toxic ash entering the water supply chain. The video explores what should have been an island paradise for tourists rather than a conflict zone, although recent settlements have provided some stability. The HDI (Human Development Index) is measured by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) and the World Bank and is based upon the life expectancy, literacy, access to knowledge and living standards of a country. Comoros is in 152nd place out of 193 countries and territories in 2025. That's a rise though still low but above neighbouring Madagascar at 183rd place and Tanzania in 165th place.

 
 


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