A key dynamic in the Ghanaian ecosystem is the relationship between state-owned outlets, such as the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC), and influential privately owned media groups like the Multimedia Group, which owns Joy FM. While state media often reflect government narratives, the extensive reach and depth of private outlets ensure that dissenting views are widely disseminated. In the contemporary digital era, control over the narrative has shifted to online spaces. Unlike some neighbours that frequently employ internet blackouts to stifle dissent, Ghanaian governments tend to focus on regulatory measures and digital surveillance. Concerns have been raised regarding how loosely defined laws regarding 'fake news' or cybercrime could be weaponised to monitor or detain journalists working for outlets such as The Fourth Estate, creating a chilling effect on high-level corruption reporting.